History

The Non-cooperation movement was perhaps the biggest event in the history of India’s struggle for independence since the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857. The movement was launched as a protest against the Rowlatt Act, the Jallianwallah Bagh Massacre and the Khilafat movement. It was pitched in under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National … Read more

During 14th – 16th centuries, Bhakti movements were a very dominant socio-cultural force in India. It touched upon every dimension of human life and affected contemporary thoughts very deeply. Leaders like Ramananda, Kabir, Guru Nanak, Ravi Das, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, etc were associated with this movement. Core principles of Bhakti movement Personal God: The cardinal principle … Read more

The Indian culture and civilisation have undergone regormation and revitalisation many times throughout history of mankind. The Bhakti movements of 14th-16th century represented one such phase of revitalisation and reformation of Indian culture. This movement was lead by saints like Kabir, Guru Nanak, Ravidas, Dadu Dayal and Guru Ramdas. Essential features of Bhakti movement are … Read more

Arya Samaj,founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati on April 10, 1875 in Bombay (now Mumbai), is a social reform movement. Contrary to some misconceptions, it is not a religion or a new sect in Hindu religion. Swami Dayanand brought together a number of concerned members of the society to eliminate the ills prevalent within the Hindu … Read more

. The noncooperation movement spread from cities to rural areas and included  peasants tribal areas as well. In Awadh, peasants were led by ‘Baba Ramchandra’ – a sanyasi who had earlier been to  Fiji as an indentured labourer. The movement here was against talukdars and landlords  who demanded from peasants exorbitantly high rents and a … Read more

People belonging to the Chalcolithic age domesticated animals and practised agriculture. They produced not only wheat and rice, but also cultivated bajra and pulses. All these cereals have been found at Navdatoli situated on the bank of the Narmada in Maharashtra. People in the eastern regions lived on fish and rice as fish hooks have … Read more

Reasons of Humayun’s Downfall    The major reasons for Humayun’s failure were:   o Humayun’s inability to understand the nature of the Afghan power and Sher Shah’s deceptive trick.   o The presence of large numbers of Afghan tribes across the north India and their nature of getting united under a capable leader (like … Read more

The 1919 Amritsar massacre, known alternatively as the Jallianwala Bagh massacre after the Jallianwala Bagh (Garden) in the northern Indian city of Amritsar, was ordered by General R.E.H. Dyer. On Sunday April 13, 1919, which happened to be ‘Baisakhi’, one of Punjab’s largest religious festivals, fifty British Indian Army soldiers, commanded by Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer, … Read more

  i) Realisation that the true nature of British rule was exploitative, and the government, instead of conceding more, was taking away even what existed. ii) Growth of self- confidence and self- respect. iii) Impact of growth of education- increase in awareness and     unemployment. iv) International influences and events which demolished the myth of white/ … Read more

The Nagara style or Prasada style has become quite popular in North India. In this style, it is common to build a temple on a stone platform and unlike South Indian temples, these temples don’t have boundary walls or gateways. Earlier, there was only one shikhara built but as time passed, the complexities also increased … Read more