The Chinese Civil War was fought between forces loyal to the Kuomintang-led government of the Republic of China, and forces loyal to the Communist Party of China (CPC). The war began in August 1927, with Chiang Kai-Shek’s Northern Expedition, and essentially ended when major active battles ceased in 1950. The conflict eventually resulted in two de facto states, the Republic of China (ROC) in Taiwan and the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in mainland China, both claiming to be the legitimate government of China.
The war represented an ideological split between the Communist CPC, and the KMT’s brand of Nationalism. The civil war continued intermittently until late 1937 when the two parties came together to form the Second United Front to counter a Japanese invasion. China’s full-scale civil war resumed in 1946, a year after the end of hostilities with Japan. After four more years, 1950 saw the cessation of major military hostilities, with the newly founded People’s Republic of China controlling mainland China (including Hainan), and the Republic of China’s jurisdiction being restricted to Taiwan, Penghu, Quemoy, Matsu and several outlying islands.
The Chinese Communist Revolution or The 1949 Revolution was the culmination of the Chinese Communist Party’s drive to power since its founding in 1921 and the second part of Chinese Civil War (1946–1949). In the official media, this period is known as the War of Liberation.
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