Sustainable sanitation, alongside clean water and handwashing facilities are necessary to help protect and maintain our health security and stop the spread of deadly infectious diseases such as COVID-19, cholera, and typhoid. Wastewater and sludge from toilets contain valuable water, nutrients, and energy. Sustainable sanitation systems make productive use of waste to safely boost agriculture and reduce and capture emissions for greener energy. Thus, Toilets can help us to fight climate change too.
For privacy for women and women security issues. Girls drop out in rural due to lack of toilets and health issues during menstruation.Down to Earth reported 210 million people lack access to improved basic sanitation in India.
Through Swachh Bharat Mission India received a new thrust, with focus shifting from sewerage networks to sanitation, putting in place a time-bound plan to improve access to toilets across the country. Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation (DDWS) under the Ministry of Jal Shakti has launched the 10-year Rural Sanitation Strategy starting from 2019 up to 2029.
Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) launched various initiatives to make SBM-U a successful project. Star rating protocol for Garbage free cities: It is based on 12 parameters which follow a SMART framework – Single metric, Measurable, Achievable, Rigorous verification mechanism and Targeted towards outcomes. Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs): MoHUA has also partnered with National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) to use the plastic waste for road construction. 
Additionally, cities have been asked to set up adequate Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs) to handle the segregation, processing and recycle of plastic waste.
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