Polity

. The Constitution has constituted the Supreme Court as the guarantor and defender of the fundamental rights of the citizens. The Supreme Court is empowered to issue writs including habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo-warrento and certiorari for the enforcement of the fundamental rights of an aggrieved citizen. In this regard, the Supreme Court has original … Read more

. By the beginning of 1973 Indira Gandhi’s popularity began to decline. People’s expectations were unfulfilled. Little dent was being made in rural or urban poverty or economic inequality, nor was there any lessening of caste and class oppression in the countryside. The immediate provocation for the rising discontent was the marked deterioration in the … Read more

. The Committee recommends a total financial investment of Rs 1,00,000 crore over a five  year period. Its key recommendations are: The Committee notes that the ‘present environment on Indian Railways reveals a  grim picture of inadequate performance’ largely due to poor infrastructure and  resources, and lack of empowerment at the functional level. The financial … Read more

In spite of criticisms and opposition, the fundamental duties are considered significant from the following viewpoints: They serve as a reminder to the citizens that while enjoying their rights, they should also be conscious of duties they owe to their country, their society and to their fellow citizens. They serve as a warning against the … Read more

Epidemic Disease Act, 1897: This colonial Act was enacted by the British, for the first time in the then state of Bombay during the Bubonic Plague. It is a state government Act. The Act strives to protect the common citizens in a particular area during the outbreak of an epidemic or a dangerous disease. The … Read more

The efforts towards land reform are tardy and slow in India. Following reasons can be  attributed for poor progress of land reforms. Absence of Reliable Records The absence of reliable and updated land records is  the biggest hurdle for the slow progress of land reforms. The reporting system is weak  and irregular and there has … Read more

Fundamental rights are enshrined in Part III of the Indian constitution. They are essential for the holistic development of the society and as well as individual. They are the foundational values which provide India a secular and democratic platform. But the rights are not absolute in nature. FR’s are subjected to reasonable restriction on the … Read more

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009 This act is an embodiment of  Article 21-A, which says that every child has a right to full time elementary education of satisfactory and equitable quality in a formal school which satisfies certain essential norms and standards. Article 21-A and the RTE Act … Read more

A pressure group is a group of people who are organised actively for promoting and defending their common interest. It is so called as it attempts to bring a change in public policy by exerting pressure on the government. It acts as a liaison between the government and its members. Example: All India Trade Union … Read more