Bihar History can be traced back to the Prehistoric Period , with the development of Civilization in the Ancient History of Bihar. Mahajanpada period and the rule of Magadhan empire brings glory to the ancient Bihar. Medieval Bihar saw the growth of Muslim rule in Bihar and with the advent of Battle of Buxar, British rule saw its seeds in Bihar.
We have Bifurcated the History of Bihar into four sections for the systematic study for BPSC Exam by our students.
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History of Bihar and Culture of Bihar
What are the ancient kingdoms that existed in Bihar?
Bihar has a rich history dating back to ancient times. Some of the major kingdoms that existed in Bihar include:
- Magadha: One of the most powerful ancient kingdoms in India, known for its rulers like Bimbisara, Ajatashatru, and Ashoka.
- Vajji: A confederacy of republican states, famous for its democratic governance.
- Anga: A kingdom located in the eastern part of Bihar, known for its association with the Mahabharata epic.
- Mithila: A kingdom located in the northern part of Bihar, known for its rich cultural heritage and association with the Ramayana epic.
What role did Bihar play in the rise of Buddhism and Jainism?
Bihar played a crucial role in the rise of Buddhism and Jainism. Gautam Buddha attained enlightenment in Bodh Gaya, which is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Mahavira, the 24th and last Tirthankara of Jainism, was born in Vaishali.
Which dynasties ruled Bihar during the medieval period?
During the medieval period, Bihar was ruled by various dynasties, including the Pala dynasty, the Sena dynasty, and the Mughal Empire. The Pala dynasty was known for its patronage of Buddhism and art, while the Mughal Empire brought significant changes to the region’s culture and administration.
What was Bihar’s role in the Indian independence movement?
Bihar played a significant role in the Indian independence movement. Leaders like Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, and Jayaprakash Narayan led various movements and protests against British rule. The Champaran Satyagraha, led by Mahatma Gandhi, was a major turning point in the freedom struggle.
What are the major festivals celebrated in Bihar?
Bihar has a diverse cultural heritage, and several festivals are celebrated throughout the year. Some of the major festivals include:
- Chhath Puja: A unique festival dedicated to the Sun God, celebrated with great devotion and rituals.
- Saraswati Puja: A festival dedicated to the goddess of knowledge and learning, celebrated with prayers and offerings.
- Diwali: The festival of lights, celebrated with fireworks, lights, and sweets.
- Holi: The festival of colors, celebrated with great enthusiasm and joy.
- Eid: Celebrated by the Muslim community to mark the end of Ramadan.
What are the traditional art forms of Bihar?
Bihar has a rich tradition of art and crafts. Some of the major art forms include:
- Madhubani painting: A traditional folk art form known for its vibrant colors and intricate designs.
- Mithila painting: Another form of folk art known for its unique style and motifs.
- Bhojpuri folk music: A popular form of music with its roots in the rural areas of Bihar.
- Bidesia folk theatre: A traditional form of theatre that depicts the struggles and aspirations of the people of Bihar.
What is the traditional cuisine of Bihar?
Bihari cuisine is known for its simplicity and use of local ingredients. Some of the popular dishes include:
- Litti Chokha: A rustic dish made of roasted wheat balls filled with sattu (roasted gram flour) and served with mashed potatoes and eggplant.
- Sattu Paratha: A flatbread stuffed with spiced sattu.
- Malpua: A sweet pancake made with flour, milk, and sugar.
- Thekua: A sweet snack made with wheat flour, jaggery, and ghee.
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